Tsavo, Kenya Guide
Tsavo is not a city in the traditional sense, but rather a vast protected area encompassing Tsavo East and Tsavo West National Parks in Kenya. It's a world-renowned wildlife sanctuary, famed for its diverse ecosystems, including open plains, acacia woodlands, scrublands, and volcanic landscapes. The area offers unparalleled opportunities for wildlife viewing, birdwatching, and experiencing the raw beauty of the African bush. Tsavo's history is rich, marked by its role as a crucial battleground during World War I and its subsequent establishment as a national park to protect its incredible biodiversity. Visitors come to witness the 'Red Elephants' of Tsavo, so named for their habit of dust-bathing in the red soil, as well as lions, leopards, rhinos, buffaloes, and a plethora of bird species. It's a destination for those seeking an authentic safari experience away from the crowds.
Food & Cuisine
Food options within Tsavo are generally limited to the lodges and camps located inside or near the parks. These establishments typically offer a mix of international and Kenyan cuisine, often served buffet-style. Expect to find dishes like grilled meats (nyama choma), stews, rice, and fresh fruits and vegetables. While there aren't specific famous restaurants or markets within the parks themselves, the lodges often strive to provide a high-quality dining experience with locally sourced ingredients whenever possible. Be sure to inquire about dietary restrictions and preferences when booking your accommodation.
Nightlife
Nightlife in Tsavo is centered around the lodges and camps. After a day of game drives, visitors typically gather for dinner and drinks, often around a campfire. Some lodges offer cultural performances or stargazing opportunities. Due to the presence of wildlife, venturing out on foot at night is generally discouraged and often prohibited. The focus is on enjoying the tranquility of the African night and listening to the sounds of the bush.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Tsavo is during the dry seasons, which are from June to October and January to February. During these months, the vegetation is thinner, making it easier to spot wildlife. Animals also tend to congregate around water sources, increasing your chances of sightings. The weather is generally pleasant, with warm days and cooler nights. Avoid the rainy seasons (March to May and November to December) as roads can become impassable and wildlife viewing can be more challenging.
Transportation
Transportation within Tsavo is primarily by safari vehicle. There are no public transportation options like buses, trams, or subways within the parks. Visitors typically rely on tour operators who provide transportation in 4x4 vehicles suitable for navigating the rugged terrain. Flying safaris are also an option for those looking to cover larger distances quickly and enjoy aerial views of the landscape.
Airport
The main airports serving Tsavo are Moi International Airport (MBA) in Mombasa and Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (NBO) in Nairobi. Mombasa is closer to Tsavo East, while Nairobi is closer to Tsavo West. From either airport, you can arrange a transfer to your lodge or camp by road (typically a 4-6 hour drive) or by a chartered flight to one of the airstrips within the parks. Many tour operators include airport transfers in their safari packages.
Attractions
Ngulia Rhino Sanctuary
Ngulia Rhino Sanctuary is a protected area within Tsavo West National Park dedicated to the conservation of black rhinos. Visitors can participate in guided game drives to see these endangered animals up close and learn about the efforts to protect them from poaching.
Tsavo West National Park
Tsavo West National Park is another popular destination for wildlife enthusiasts, offering stunning landscapes, volcanic hills, and the Mzima Springs. Visitors can spot a variety of animals such as hippos, crocodiles, and rhinos, as well as enjoy bird watching and nature walks.
Lugard Falls
Lugard Falls is a series of rapids on the Galana River in Tsavo East National Park, named after Frederick Lugard, a British colonial administrator. Visitors can admire the cascading waterfalls, go for a swim in the natural pools, and enjoy picnics in the scenic surroundings.
Tsavo East National Park
Tsavo East National Park is one of the oldest and largest national parks in Kenya, known for its diverse wildlife including elephants, lions, and giraffes. Visitors can enjoy game drives, bird watching, and guided walks in this beautiful natural setting.
Shetani Lava Flows
Shetani Lava Flows are ancient lava formations in Tsavo East National Park, created by volcanic activity thousands of years ago. Visitors can explore the blackened landscape, marvel at the unique rock formations, and learn about the geological processes that shaped the area.
Mzima Springs
Mzima Springs is a natural oasis in Tsavo West National Park, known for its crystal-clear waters and underwater viewing chamber where visitors can observe hippos and fish. The springs also attract a variety of bird species, making it a popular spot for nature lovers and photographers.
Galana River
The Galana River is the longest river in Kenya, flowing through Tsavo East National Park and providing a vital water source for wildlife. Visitors can enjoy boat safaris along the river, spot crocodiles and hippos basking on the banks, and admire the lush vegetation along its course.
Mudanda Rock
Mudanda Rock is a massive rock formation in Tsavo West National Park, offering panoramic views of the surrounding plains and waterholes where elephants come to drink. Visitors can hike to the top of the rock, enjoy the scenic vistas, and watch wildlife from the observation platforms.
Aruba Dam
Aruba Dam is a man-made reservoir in Tsavo West National Park, attracting a variety of wildlife such as elephants, buffaloes, and birds. Visitors can relax by the water, go bird watching, and spot animals coming to drink at the dam, making it a popular safari destination.
Yatta Plateau
Yatta Plateau is one of the world's longest lava flows, stretching over 300 kilometers in Tsavo East National Park. Visitors can hike along the plateau, marvel at the vast expanse of hardened lava, and enjoy panoramic views of the park and its diverse wildlife.
Chaimu Crater
Chaimu Crater is a volcanic cone in Tsavo East National Park, offering panoramic views of the surrounding plains and Mount Kilimanjaro on clear days. Visitors can hike to the top of the crater, explore the rugged terrain, and learn about the geological history of the area.
Day Trips
Taita Hills Wildlife Sanctuary
Taita Hills Wildlife Sanctuary offers a more intimate and exclusive safari experience compared to the larger national parks. Known for its diverse birdlife and unique landscape, it's a great option for a day trip. The sanctuary is home to a variety of animals, including elephants, lions, giraffes, and zebras.
Travel Time
Approximately 2-3 hours by car from some areas of Tsavo West
Activities
- Game drives in open-top vehicles
- Bird watching tours
- Visit the Taita Hills Safari Resort & Spa for lunch or a drink
- Night game drives (if available and pre-booked)
Voi
Voi is a bustling town located just outside Tsavo East National Park, making it a convenient base for exploring the park's northern reaches. It offers a glimpse into local Kenyan life and serves as a gateway to wildlife adventures. You can visit the local markets, interact with the friendly residents, and enjoy a more authentic Kenyan experience.
Travel Time
Approximately 1-1.5 hours by car from various points in Tsavo
Activities
- Visit the Voi Sisal Scheme
- Explore the local markets
- Enjoy local Kenyan cuisine
- Day trip into Tsavo East National Park (northern section)
Tsavo East National Park (Further Reaches)
While you might already be *in* Tsavo, consider a day trip to a different section of Tsavo East. The park is vast, and exploring a new area can reveal different landscapes, wildlife sightings, and experiences. Focus on areas further from your current location within Tsavo.
Travel Time
Variable, depending on your starting point within Tsavo. Aim for a 2-3 hour drive to a different section of the park.
Activities
- Game drives focusing on different areas of the park
- Bird watching in diverse habitats
- Photography of unique landscapes
- Picnic lunch at a designated site
Kasigau Mountain
Kasigau Mountain is an isolated mountain rising from the plains near Voi. It's a biodiversity hotspot and offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape. Hiking to the summit is a challenging but rewarding experience.
Travel Time
Approximately 2-2.5 hours by car from some areas of Tsavo
Activities
- Hiking to the summit of Kasigau Mountain
- Bird watching
- Exploring the local villages
- Photography of the landscape