Alexandria, Egypt Guide
Alexandria often evokes images of ancient wonders and intellectual pursuits, and while the city today is a far cry from its classical heyday, it retains a unique charm as Egypt's enduring Mediterranean jewel. Here, the whispers of Greek and Roman history mingle with the vibrant pulse of a modern Egyptian metropolis. You can explore the fascinating Kom el Shoqafa Catacombs, a unique blend of Roman and Egyptian artistry, or visit the impressive Bibliotheca Alexandrina, a striking architectural marvel that pays homage to the city's legendary ancient library. The commanding Qaitbay Citadel, built on the very site of the ancient Pharos Lighthouse, offers stunning sea views and a tangible link to one of the world's original wonders. Strolling along the Corniche, which hugs the curving coastline, provides a glimpse into daily life, with the sea always a refreshing backdrop. However, it's important to approach Alexandria with an open mind, as the romanticized image of its past can sometimes clash with the reality of a bustling, contemporary Egyptian city. Expect a lively atmosphere, often accompanied by the persistent hum of traffic and a general level of urban noise and dust that might surprise those anticipating a tranquil seaside escape. While the Corniche is perfect for people-watching and enjoying the sea breeze, it's a busy thoroughfare, not a quiet promenade. Many of Alexandria's ancient treasures are either buried beneath modern development, are more ruinous than grand, or require a visit to a museum to fully appreciate, meaning you'll need a good dose of imagination to connect with its truly ancient past. Nevertheless, this dynamic blend of old and new, and the city's distinctive Mediterranean vibe, make Alexandria a captivating and authentic destination for those seeking a less-trodden path through Egypt's rich history and vibrant present.
Food & Cuisine
Alexandrian cuisine is a delightful fusion of Mediterranean and Egyptian flavors, heavily influenced by its coastal location. Seafood is a must-try, with fresh catches like grilled fish, calamari, and shrimp readily available. Try the "Samak Makly" (fried fish) or "Gambari Meshwi" (grilled shrimp) at local restaurants along the Corniche. "Ful Medames" (fava bean stew) and "Ta'ameya" (Egyptian falafel) are popular breakfast options. For a taste of local street food, explore the Attarine market, where you can find a variety of snacks and treats. For a more upscale dining experience, try restaurants like Fish Market or Santa Lucia, known for their fresh seafood and elegant ambiance. Don't forget to indulge in some delicious Egyptian desserts like "Umm Ali" (Egyptian bread pudding) or "Basbousa" (semolina cake).
Nightlife
Alexandria's nightlife offers a mix of traditional and modern entertainment options. The Corniche is a popular spot for evening strolls and enjoying the sea breeze, with numerous cafes and restaurants staying open late. For a more lively atmosphere, head to the areas around Sidi Gaber or Roushdy, where you'll find a concentration of bars, nightclubs, and shisha cafes. Many hotels also have their own bars and entertainment venues. While Alexandria's nightlife is generally more relaxed than Cairo's, there are still plenty of opportunities to enjoy live music, dancing, and socializing.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Alexandria is during the spring (March-May) or autumn (September-November). The weather is pleasant during these months, with warm temperatures and less humidity than the summer. Summer (June-August) can be very hot and humid, while winter (December-February) can be cool and rainy.
Transportation
Alexandria offers a variety of public transportation options, though navigating them can be an adventure. Buses are the most common and affordable, covering a vast network throughout the city. However, they can be crowded and routes are often not clearly marked in English. Trams are another option, offering a more scenic (and often slower) way to get around, particularly along the Corniche. There is no subway or metro system in Alexandria. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber and Careem are readily available and offer a more comfortable and convenient way to travel, especially for tourists. Be sure to agree on a fare beforehand with taxis or use the meter.
Airport
Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE) is the main airport serving Alexandria. It is located approximately 40 kilometers (25 miles) southwest of the city center. Taxis and ride-sharing services are readily available at the airport for transportation to Alexandria. Airport shuttle buses are also available, but they may not be as frequent or convenient as taxis.
Attractions
Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi Mosque
Admire the stunning architecture of this grand mosque, a prominent landmark in Alexandria. Appreciate the intricate details and spiritual atmosphere. Remember to dress respectfully when visiting. It's a beautiful example of Islamic art and culture.
Pompey's Pillar
Marvel at this towering Roman column, a testament to Alexandria's rich history. Stand in awe of its grandeur and learn about its significance as a tribute to Emperor Diocletian. The surrounding archaeological site offers further insights into the city's past.
Montaza Palace Gardens
Escape the city bustle in these sprawling gardens, once the royal family's summer retreat. Stroll through lush landscapes, admire the elegant palaces (though interior access may be limited), and enjoy the sea breeze. It's a perfect spot for a relaxing afternoon and some stunning photo opportunities.
Library of Alexandria
A modern marvel built to commemorate the ancient Great Library, this stunning structure houses millions of books, rare manuscripts, and fascinating exhibitions. Explore its vast collection, admire the architecture, and delve into the world of knowledge. Don't miss the planetarium and science museum for an enriching experience.
Royal Jewelry Museum
Be dazzled by the opulent collection of royal jewelry and artifacts at this museum, housed in a stunning palace. Admire the exquisite craftsmanship and learn about the history of the Egyptian royal family. It's a glittering glimpse into a world of luxury.
Maamoura Beach
Relax and soak up the sun at Maamoura Beach, a popular spot for locals and tourists alike. Enjoy the sandy shores, swim in the Mediterranean Sea, and indulge in some beachside snacks. It's a great place to unwind and escape the city heat.
Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa
Descend into the depths of these fascinating underground tombs, a unique blend of Egyptian and Greco-Roman architectural styles. Explore the chambers adorned with intricate carvings and discover the burial rituals of a bygone era. It's a truly unforgettable historical experience.
Stanley Bridge
Take a stroll along this iconic bridge, a modern landmark that spans the Alexandria Corniche. Enjoy panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea and the city skyline. It's especially beautiful at sunset, offering a romantic and picturesque experience.
National Museum of Alexandria
Delve into Alexandria's captivating history at this museum, showcasing artifacts from various periods, including Pharaonic, Roman, and Coptic eras. Explore the exhibits and gain a deeper understanding of the city's cultural heritage. It's a great place to spend a few hours.
Citadel of Qaitbay
Standing proudly on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, this 15th-century fortress offers breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea. Explore its ramparts, learn about its history, and imagine the legendary lighthouse that once stood here. It's a must-see for history buffs and photography enthusiasts.
Fish Market Restaurant
Savor the freshest seafood at Fish Market Restaurant in Alexandria. Choose your fish directly from the display and have it prepared to your liking. Enjoy the stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea while indulging in delicious grilled fish, calamari, and other seafood delicacies. It's a perfect spot for a memorable lunch by the sea.
Bibliotheca Alexandrina
The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a stunning modern library and cultural center, a tribute to the ancient Library of Alexandria. Explore its vast collection of books, manuscripts, and museums. Admire the unique architecture and enjoy the panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea. It's a must-visit for history buffs and knowledge seekers.
Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa
Descend into the fascinating Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa, a unique blend of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman artistic styles. This multi-level underground tomb complex, dating back to the 2nd century AD, offers a glimpse into the funerary practices of a bygone era. Explore the intricate carvings and chambers, a testament to Alexandria's rich and diverse history. Be prepared for a slightly claustrophobic but incredibly rewarding experience!
Qaitbay Citadel
Standing proudly on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Qaitbay Citadel is a magnificent 15th-century fortress. Explore its ramparts, towers, and mosque, offering stunning panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea. Learn about its strategic importance throughout history and imagine the legendary lighthouse that once stood here. A must-see for history buffs and anyone seeking breathtaking coastal scenery.
Montaza Palace
Escape the city bustle at Montaza Palace, a sprawling complex of gardens, beaches, and palaces. Explore the Al-Haramlik Palace, once a royal residence, and wander through the meticulously landscaped gardens. Enjoy a relaxing stroll along the beach, soak up the sun, and admire the stunning architecture. A perfect place to unwind and experience a touch of royal elegance.
Souq El Attarine
Step back in time at Souq El Attarine, Alexandria's vibrant spice market! This bustling bazaar is a feast for the senses, overflowing with fragrant spices, perfumes, traditional crafts, and antique treasures. Haggle for unique souvenirs, sample local delicacies, and soak up the authentic atmosphere of old Alexandria. It's a sensory overload in the best way possible, offering a glimpse into the city's rich trading history and a chance to connect with local artisans.
Alexandria National Museum
Delve into Alexandria's captivating past at the Alexandria National Museum. Housed in a beautifully restored Italian-style palace, the museum showcases a vast collection of artifacts spanning from the Pharaonic era to the modern day. Discover relics from the city's Greek, Roman, and Coptic periods, offering a comprehensive overview of Alexandria's rich and diverse cultural heritage. A must-visit for history enthusiasts!
Day Trips
Burg El Arab offers a mix of modern development and coastal charm. While primarily known for its airport, the area boasts beautiful beaches and resorts. Enjoy a relaxing day by the sea, indulge in water sports, or explore the local markets. It's a great option for a quick escape from the city and a chance to soak up the Mediterranean sun.
Approximately 45 minutes - 1 hour by car or taxi. Explore the serene beauty of Lake Mariout, a large brackish lake located south of Alexandria. Take a boat trip to observe the diverse birdlife, including flamingos and herons. Enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and escape the hustle and bustle of the city. Lake Mariout offers a unique opportunity to connect with nature and appreciate the natural beauty of the region.
Approximately 30-45 minutes by car or taxi. Escape the coastal humidity and delve into the spiritual heart of Wadi El Natrun, a desert valley dotted with ancient Coptic monasteries. This area has been a center of Christian monasticism since the 4th century. Several monasteries are still active and open to visitors (check opening times and dress modestly). The stark desert landscape provides a serene and contemplative backdrop to these historic religious sites. It's a unique opportunity to witness a living tradition and experience a different side of Egypt.
Approximately 2 - 2.5 hours by car or taxi. Step back in time in Rosetta (Rashid), a charming port city where the Nile meets the Mediterranean. Famous for the Rosetta Stone (now in the British Museum, sadly!), the city boasts well-preserved Ottoman-era architecture, including mosques, houses, and bathhouses. Explore the Qaitbay Fortress, offering stunning views of the coastline, and wander through the bustling local markets. Rosetta provides a glimpse into a bygone era of Egyptian history and culture, far removed from the hustle of Alexandria.
Approximately 1.5 - 2 hours by car or taxi. Reflect on a pivotal moment in World War II with a day trip to El Alamein. This coastal town was the site of two crucial battles that turned the tide of the war in North Africa. Visit the El Alamein War Museum, which provides a comprehensive overview of the conflict, and pay your respects at the Commonwealth, German, and Italian war cemeteries. The serene atmosphere and well-maintained memorials offer a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made during the war.
Approximately 1.5 - 2 hours by car or taxi. Burg El Arab
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Lake Mariout
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Wadi El Natrun Monasteries
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Rosetta
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El Alamein
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