Nicosia, Cyprus Guide
Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, is a city steeped in history and divided by the "Green Line," a UN-controlled buffer zone that has separated the Greek Cypriot south from the Turkish Cypriot north since 1974. This unique situation makes Nicosia the last divided capital in Europe, offering visitors a fascinating glimpse into a city of two distinct cultures. Explore the ancient Venetian walls that encircle the old city, wander through narrow streets filled with traditional shops and cafes, and discover a wealth of historical sites, museums, and art galleries. Beyond its historical significance, Nicosia is a vibrant and modern city with a thriving arts and culture scene. The southern part of the city boasts stylish boutiques, contemporary restaurants, and lively bars, while the northern part offers a more traditional and laid-back atmosphere. Crossing the border is a relatively straightforward process, allowing visitors to experience the best of both worlds and gain a deeper understanding of the island's complex history.
Food & Cuisine
Cypriot cuisine is a delightful blend of Greek and Middle Eastern flavors, with fresh ingredients and generous portions. Meze, a selection of small dishes, is a popular way to sample a variety of local specialties, including halloumi cheese, souvlaki (grilled meat skewers), sheftalia (sausage), and dips like hummus and tahini. For a more substantial meal, try kleftiko (slow-cooked lamb) or moussaka (layered eggplant dish). Nicosia offers a wide range of restaurants, from traditional tavernas to modern eateries. For a taste of authentic Cypriot cuisine, head to the old city, where you'll find numerous family-run restaurants. The Ledras Street area also offers a variety of dining options. The Municipal Market is a great place to find fresh produce and local delicacies.
Nightlife
Nicosia's nightlife scene is diverse, offering something for everyone. The southern part of the city is generally more lively, with a concentration of bars and clubs in the Ledras Street and Onasagorou Street areas. These streets are pedestrianized and filled with bars, cafes, and restaurants that stay open late. For a more relaxed atmosphere, explore the cafes and bars in the old city. The northern part of Nicosia offers a more traditional nightlife experience, with live music venues and casinos.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Nicosia is during the spring (April-May) or autumn (September-October). The weather is pleasant, with warm temperatures and sunny skies, making it ideal for exploring the city and its surroundings. Summer (June-August) can be very hot, while winter (November-March) can be mild but with occasional rain.
Transportation
Nicosia's public transportation primarily relies on buses. The bus network covers most of the city and connects it to other towns and villages in Cyprus. Bus routes and schedules can be found online or at bus stations. There is no tram or subway/metro system in Nicosia. Taxis are readily available, and ride-hailing apps also operate in the city. Walking is a great way to explore the old city within the Venetian walls.
Airport
Larnaca International Airport (LCA) is the main airport serving Nicosia, located approximately 50 km (31 miles) southeast of the city. Public buses, airport shuttles, and taxis are available for transportation from the airport to Nicosia. The bus is the most economical option, while a taxi offers a more direct and convenient transfer.
Attractions
Famagusta Gate
One of the three original gates of the Venetian walls surrounding Nicosia. It has been restored and now serves as a cultural center, hosting exhibitions and events. The gate is an impressive example of Venetian architecture and a reminder of the city's history.
Ledra Street Crossing Point
A symbolic crossing point between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot sides of Nicosia. It's a pedestrian-only zone where you can walk across the border, experiencing the divided city firsthand. It offers a unique perspective on the Cyprus conflict and a chance to interact with people from both communities. Passport required.
Leventis Municipal Museum of Nicosia
This museum chronicles the history of Nicosia from ancient times to the present day. Through exhibits of artifacts, photographs, and documents, visitors can learn about the city's evolution, culture, and daily life. It provides a comprehensive overview of Nicosia's past.
State Gallery of Contemporary Art
Showcases contemporary art by Cypriot and international artists. It's a place to explore modern artistic expressions and engage with the local art scene. The gallery hosts exhibitions and events throughout the year.
Liberty Monument
A monument dedicated to the Cypriot fighters in the struggle against British rule. It's a significant landmark for Cypriots and a reminder of the island's history of independence. The monument is located near the Venetian walls.
Cyprus Museum
The largest archaeological museum in Cyprus, showcasing the island's rich history from the Neolithic period to the Roman era. It houses an extensive collection of artifacts, including pottery, sculptures, and jewelry. A must-visit for history buffs.
Buyuk Han
A beautifully restored Ottoman-era caravanserai (inn). Today, it houses art galleries, craft shops, and cafes. It's a great place to wander, admire the architecture, and enjoy a traditional Cypriot coffee. The courtyard is a peaceful oasis in the heart of the city.
Folk Art Museum
Dedicated to Cypriot folk art and traditions. It showcases traditional costumes, embroidery, pottery, and other crafts. It's a great place to learn about the island's cultural heritage and artistic traditions.
Shacolas Tower Museum & Observatory
Located in the Ledra Street area, this museum and observatory offers panoramic views of Nicosia from its observation deck. The museum showcases the history of the city, providing context to the sights you see from above. It's a great way to get an overview of Nicosia's layout and landmarks.
Panagia Chrysaliniotissa Church
One of the oldest Byzantine churches in Nicosia. It houses a collection of icons dating back to the 12th century. The church is a significant religious and historical site, offering a glimpse into Cyprus's Byzantine past.
Selimiye Mosque (St. Sophia Cathedral)
Originally the St. Sophia Cathedral, a magnificent Gothic cathedral, it was converted into a mosque during the Ottoman period. The architecture is a blend of Gothic and Ottoman styles, making it a unique and historically significant landmark. Visitors should dress respectfully.
The Hamam Omeriye
A restored Ottoman-era bathhouse (hamam). Visitors can experience a traditional Turkish bath. It's a relaxing and culturally enriching experience. The building itself is a beautiful example of Ottoman architecture.
The House of Representatives
The parliament building of Cyprus. While tours may be available, it's primarily of interest to those interested in the political system of Cyprus. The architecture is modern and imposing.
Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre
A contemporary art space that hosts exhibitions, workshops, and events. It's a place to discover new artists and engage with the local art community. The center aims to promote contemporary art and culture in Nicosia.
Day Trips
Escape the coastal heat and discover the cool, pine-scented air of the Troodos Mountains. This mountainous region offers a refreshing change of scenery and a wealth of activities. Hike through scenic trails, visit charming mountain villages like Kakopetria and Platres, and explore the UNESCO-listed painted churches, adorned with Byzantine frescoes. In winter, the Troodos Mountains even offer skiing opportunities.
Approximately 1 hour 30 minutes to 2 hours by car from Nicosia, depending on the specific village you are visiting. Ayia Napa, famed for its stunning beaches and vibrant nightlife, offers a mix of relaxation and excitement. While known for its party scene, it also boasts beautiful coastlines like Nissi Beach and Fig Tree Bay. Explore the Ayia Napa Monastery, a peaceful oasis in the heart of the town, or take a boat trip to explore the sea caves and crystal-clear waters.
Approximately 1 hour 15 minutes by car from Nicosia. Larnaca, a vibrant coastal city, offers a delightful blend of history, relaxation, and modern amenities. Stroll along the palm-lined Finikoudes promenade, soak up the sun on its sandy beaches, and explore the historic Larnaca Fort. Don't miss the serene Hala Sultan Tekke mosque, a significant Islamic pilgrimage site located on the edge of the Salt Lake, where you might spot flamingos during migration season. Enjoy fresh seafood at a taverna overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.
Approximately 45 minutes by car from Nicosia. Step back in time at the Kourion Archaeological Site, an ancient city-kingdom perched on a dramatic clifftop overlooking the Mediterranean Sea. Explore the well-preserved Greco-Roman theater, the House of Eustolios with its stunning mosaics, and the early Christian basilica. The views from Kourion are simply breathtaking, making it a truly memorable historical experience.
Approximately 1 hour 30 minutes by car from Nicosia. Governor's Beach, located near Limassol, is known for its striking white cliffs contrasting with the dark, volcanic sand. It's a great spot for swimming, sunbathing, and exploring the unique rock formations. Several tavernas and restaurants are nearby, offering delicious Cypriot cuisine with stunning sea views. It's a more secluded and natural beach experience compared to the busier beaches in Limassol.
Approximately 1 hour 30 minutes by car from Nicosia. Journey back to the Neolithic period at Choirokoitia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This remarkably well-preserved settlement offers a glimpse into the lives of the island's earliest inhabitants. Explore the reconstructed circular dwellings and learn about the daily life of these ancient people. It's a fascinating and educational experience for history buffs.
Approximately 45 minutes by car from Nicosia. Limassol, Cyprus's second-largest city, is a bustling hub with a rich history and a lively atmosphere. Explore the medieval Limassol Castle, rumored to be where Richard the Lionheart married Berengaria of Navarre. Wander through the charming old town, filled with traditional shops and restaurants. Relax on one of Limassol's many beaches, or visit the Kolossi Castle, a former Crusader stronghold just outside the city. Limassol is known for its vibrant nightlife, so consider staying a bit later if you want to experience it.
Approximately 1 hour 15 minutes by car from Nicosia. Troodos Mountains
Travel Time
Activities
Ayia Napa
Travel Time
Activities
Larnaca
Travel Time
Activities
Kourion Archaeological Site
Travel Time
Activities
Governor's Beach
Travel Time
Activities
Choirokoitia Neolithic Settlement
Travel Time
Activities
Limassol
Travel Time
Activities