Ravenna, Italy Guide
Ravenna, a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy, is a treasure trove of art, history, and culture. Once the capital of the Western Roman Empire, the Ostrogothic Kingdom, and the Byzantine Exarchate, Ravenna boasts an unparalleled collection of early Christian and Byzantine mosaics, eight of which are UNESCO World Heritage sites. Beyond its dazzling mosaics, Ravenna offers a charming atmosphere with its pedestrian-friendly streets, historic piazzas, and a relaxed pace of life. Visitors to Ravenna will find themselves immersed in a rich tapestry of architectural styles, from Roman ruins to medieval churches and Renaissance palaces. The city's compact size makes it easy to explore on foot, allowing you to discover hidden gems around every corner. Whether you're an art enthusiast, a history buff, or simply seeking a delightful Italian getaway, Ravenna promises an unforgettable experience.
Food & Cuisine
Ravenna's cuisine reflects its location in the Emilia-Romagna region, known for its rich and flavorful dishes. Fresh pasta is a staple, often served with hearty ragù sauces or seafood. Piadina, a thin flatbread, is a popular street food, filled with various ingredients like prosciutto, cheese, and vegetables. Seafood is also prominent, especially in the coastal areas, with dishes like grilled fish, seafood risotto, and fried calamari. For a traditional dining experience, try Ristorante Ca' de Vèn, known for its authentic Romagnolo cuisine and extensive wine list. The Mercato Coperto (covered market) is a great place to sample local produce, cheeses, and cured meats. Don't forget to indulge in a scoop of artisanal gelato from one of the many gelaterias in the city center.
Nightlife
Ravenna's nightlife is relatively laid-back compared to larger Italian cities, but it still offers a variety of options for evening entertainment. The city center, particularly around Piazza del Popolo and Via Cavour, is where you'll find a concentration of bars, cafes, and restaurants that stay open late. Many establishments offer aperitivo, a pre-dinner drink accompanied by snacks, which is a popular way to start the evening. For a more lively atmosphere, head to the Darsena area, a revitalized docklands district with trendy bars and clubs. During the summer months, the coastal towns like Marina di Ravenna come alive with beach bars and outdoor parties.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Ravenna is during the spring (April-May) or fall (September-October). The weather is mild and pleasant, ideal for exploring the city's outdoor attractions. These shoulder seasons also avoid the peak summer crowds and heat, making for a more enjoyable experience.
Transportation
Ravenna's city center is easily walkable, making it the best way to explore its historical sites. Public transportation primarily consists of a network of buses operated by Start Romagna. These buses connect the city center with the surrounding areas, including the train station and coastal towns like Marina di Ravenna. While Ravenna doesn't have a tram or subway/metro system, the bus network is generally reliable and efficient for getting around. Taxis are also available, but they are less common than buses.
Airport
The closest airport to Ravenna is Federico Fellini International Airport (RMI) in Rimini, approximately 68 km (42 miles) away. From the airport, you can take a train to Ravenna, which involves a change at Rimini train station. Alternatively, you can hire a taxi or rent a car for a more direct journey. Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport (BLQ) is another option, located about 90 km (56 miles) from Ravenna. From Bologna airport, you can take the Marconi Express train to Bologna Centrale train station and then a regional train to Ravenna.
Attractions
Tomba di Dante
Pay your respects at the Tomb of Dante, the final resting place of the renowned Italian poet Dante Alighieri. The neoclassical monument is a symbol of Ravenna's connection to the literary giant, who spent his final years in the city. The adjacent Dante Museum provides further insight into his life and works.
Basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
Explore the Basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, another UNESCO gem in Ravenna. Originally an Arian church, it features remarkable mosaics depicting processions of saints and martyrs. The long, narrow nave creates a sense of grandeur, and the mosaics offer a fascinating glimpse into early Christian history and artistic styles.
Arian Baptistery
Visit the Arian Baptistery, a smaller and lesser-known but still significant historical site in Ravenna. Built by the Arian Christians, it features a mosaic depicting the baptism of Christ. Its simple yet elegant design offers a contrast to the more elaborate Byzantine monuments. A quiet and reflective place to visit.
Battistero Neoniano (Baptistry of Neon)
Admire the octagonal Baptistry of Neon, also known as the Battistero Neoniano, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Its stunning mosaic dome depicts the baptism of Christ and the twelve apostles. The architecture and artistry reflect the transition from Roman to Byzantine influences. Take your time to appreciate the intricate details.
Piazza del Popolo
Soak in the atmosphere of Piazza del Popolo, Ravenna's main square. Lined with cafes, shops, and historic buildings, it's the perfect place to relax, people-watch, and enjoy the city's vibrant energy. The square often hosts events and festivals, adding to its lively ambiance. Grab a gelato and soak in the Italian atmosphere.
Ravenna Cathedral
Visit the Ravenna Cathedral, also known as the Duomo, a significant religious building in the city. While less famous than the mosaic-filled basilicas, it still holds historical and artistic value. Admire the architecture and explore the interior. It's located near the Piazza del Popolo, making it easy to visit.
Adriano Beach
Relax and soak up the sun at Adriano Beach, one of the lidos near Ravenna. Enjoy swimming in the Adriatic Sea, sunbathing on the sandy beach, or trying out water sports. Many beach resorts offer amenities such as restaurants, bars, and umbrellas. A perfect escape for a day of relaxation by the sea.
Basilica di San Vitale
Marvel at the stunning Byzantine mosaics within the Basilica di San Vitale, a UNESCO World Heritage site. This 6th-century church is renowned for its intricate depictions of biblical scenes and imperial figures, offering a glimpse into the artistic and religious fervor of the era. Don't miss the apse mosaics, a true masterpiece of early Christian art.
Planetario di Ravenna
Explore the wonders of the universe at the Planetario di Ravenna. This planetarium offers educational shows and presentations about astronomy and space exploration. It's a great place for families and anyone interested in learning more about the cosmos. Check the schedule for showtimes and special events.
Pineta di Classe
Escape the city bustle and explore the Pineta di Classe, a coastal pine forest offering hiking and cycling trails. Enjoy the fresh air and natural beauty of this protected area. It's a great place for a relaxing walk or a picnic. Combine your visit with a trip to the nearby Basilica di Sant'Apollinare in Classe.
Domus dei Tappeti di Pietra (House of Stone Carpets)
Discover the Domus dei Tappeti di Pietra, an archaeological site showcasing a Roman house with remarkably preserved mosaic floors. These 'stone carpets' offer a glimpse into the daily life and artistic tastes of Ravenna's Roman inhabitants. The site provides a fascinating contrast to the city's Byzantine heritage.
Basilica di Sant'Apollinare in Classe
Venture slightly outside Ravenna to visit the Basilica di Sant'Apollinare in Classe, a magnificent example of early Christian architecture. The basilica features a stunning apse mosaic depicting Saint Apollinaris, the first bishop of Ravenna. The serene atmosphere and historical significance make it a worthwhile trip.
MAR - Ravenna Art Museum
Immerse yourself in art at the MAR - Ravenna Art Museum, which hosts a diverse collection of modern and contemporary works. The museum's exhibitions often feature both Italian and international artists, providing a stimulating cultural experience. Check the museum's schedule for temporary exhibitions and special events.
Mausoleo di Galla Placidia
Step inside the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, a small but breathtaking structure adorned with deep blue mosaics. The starry sky ceiling is particularly captivating. This UNESCO site offers a serene and intimate experience, showcasing the artistic brilliance of the 5th century. Book your tickets in advance, as entry is often timed.
Museo Nazionale di Ravenna
Delve into the region's rich history at the National Museum of Ravenna. The museum houses a diverse collection of artifacts, including Roman sculptures, Byzantine ivories, and archaeological finds. It provides valuable context for understanding the city's artistic and cultural heritage. Allow ample time to explore the various exhibits.
Day Trips
Bologna, the vibrant capital of Emilia-Romagna, is a must-see. Known as "La Grassa" (the fat one) for its rich culinary traditions, "La Dotta" (the learned one) for its prestigious university, and "La Rossa" (the red one) for its red-tiled rooftops, Bologna offers a diverse range of experiences. Climb the Asinelli Tower for panoramic views, explore the Piazza Maggiore, and indulge in a delicious Bolognese meal.
Approximately 1 hour 15 minutes by train from Ravenna. Venture into the independent Republic of San Marino, perched atop Mount Titano. Explore the medieval fortresses, enjoy breathtaking panoramic views, and experience a unique cultural atmosphere. San Marino offers duty-free shopping and a chance to explore one of the world's smallest and oldest republics.
Approximately 1 hour 45 minutes by car from Ravenna. Step back in time in Ferrara, a UNESCO World Heritage city that exudes Renaissance charm. Explore the imposing Castello Estense, a moated castle right in the heart of the city, and wander through the historic center, admiring the well-preserved architecture. Ferrara is also known as the "City of Bicycles," so consider renting one to explore the extensive network of bike paths. Don't forget to sample the local cuisine, including the famous "cappellacci di zucca" (pumpkin-filled pasta).
Approximately 1 hour by train from Ravenna. Home to Ferrari and balsamic vinegar, Modena offers a blend of automotive history and culinary delights. Visit the Ferrari Museum to admire iconic cars, explore the historic city center (a UNESCO World Heritage site), and indulge in a balsamic vinegar tasting. Modena is a treat for both car enthusiasts and food lovers.
Approximately 1 hour 45 minutes by train from Ravenna (requires a change). Rimini is a popular seaside resort town known for its beaches, Roman ruins, and vibrant nightlife. Explore the historic city center, visit the Tiberius Bridge, and relax on the sandy beaches. Rimini offers a mix of history, culture, and relaxation.
Approximately 1 hour 15 minutes by train from Ravenna. Often called "Little Venice," Comacchio is a charming lagoon town with canals, bridges, and colorful houses. Explore the Trepponti bridge, a unique architectural marvel, and visit the Museo Delta Antico to learn about the history of the Po Delta. Enjoy fresh seafood in one of the local restaurants and soak in the peaceful atmosphere of this hidden gem.
Approximately 1 hour by car from Ravenna. Bologna
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San Marino
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Ferrara
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Modena
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Rimini
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Comacchio
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